Marcin KOST
Infrastructural projects – implementation and hazards
Discussed is the problem of project management. Pointed out is that it is a very wide and multiaspect discipline of knowledge which, apart from its relatively short history, has already been quite well described in the literature. As it concerns, first of all, practical aspects and it is difficult to find two identical projects, there still is a place for further publications describing this particular branch of knowledge. Most of the project problems cannot be avoided but it is possible to be prepared to reduce their effects. Both theory and practice emphasize the importance of risk analysis and warn against treating the problem too lightly. Such tactics can result in retaliation against project designers when, during realization of the project, there appear unexpected but a priori foreseeable circumstances bringing hazards to some of key aspects of this project. Savings made on risk analysis usually result in additional expenditures during project realization. The other important factor we can find in specialized literature and meet in practice are problems connected with selection of a proper project personnel on both stages – first for planning and analysing and then the execution one. Even the best prepared project with a very well elaborated range, plan and a timetable will not succeed if it is manned with incompetent or discordant team having no common target in the form of timely completion of the project and vice versa – even poorly prepared project has got a chance for success if it is manned with a competent, motivated and a close-knit team. One must avoid a unilateral look at the project target through the prism of one aspect only like budget, quality or time and not taking into account the two remaining ones. Any lack of balance between these aspects can cause a disruption and a great risk of not achieving the target. So during planning of a project, and especially of its budget and a time range, and when describing its framework you need to remember about the balance between time, budget and quality.
Keywords: infrastructural energy projects, project implementation, characteristic hazards
Zbigniew STACHURSKI
Modernization of control, protection and lubrication systems as a necessary procedure for small TG units still in operation
Discussed is the progress of execution and results of modernization of two small TG units working in Elektrociepłownia Jelenia Góra and TAMEH Holding ZW Blachownia. Indicated is that for many small TG units being long time in operation a modernization of control, protection and lubrication systems is needed.
Keywords: small TG units, modernization of control, protection and lubrication systems
Artur JASIŃSKI, Adam ZIELIŃSKI
Residual durability of a material of pipings working in a steam distribution header after elapse of the design working life
Long-time operation of main steam pipelines material working under creep conditions causes structural changes that result in decrease of the material’s strength properties. These factors affect directly its further operability. Presented are results of materials testing of high-pressure steam pipeline elements, working in a steam distribution header and made of 13HMF (14MoV6-3) steel, after elapse of the design working life. In the past, these pipelines were subject to various modifications conncected with technological needs. Samples for tests were collected during revitalisation works performed on two boilers. It resulted from the need to confirm further operability of these pipelines together with defining their further safe operating time.
Keywords: steam pipelines, residual durability, results of materials testing
Łukasz KOT, Janusz SKWARA
Identification of impurities present in a purified turbine condensate with the use of phase and chemical composition testing methods
Quality of water used for power industry purposes is a basic determinant of power installations correct work. Now one can observe a steady trend of tightening the requirements concerning water and steam quality in high-pressure water/steam cycles and especially the requirements for feedwater. The feedwater is a mixture of returning condensate and an additional water fed into a boiler where the turbine condensate may amount to even 95-99% of feedwater volume. It means that all impurities contained in this condensate will be fed into the water/steam cycle. Making use, during the research work conducted by ENERGOPOMIAR, of additional X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods creates possibilities to further widening of a research of mechanical impurities occurring in the water/steam cycle including turbine condensate. These methods perfectly compliment the currently applied classical analytical methods. They enable not only to determine the chemical composition of impurities but also the identification of their complex crystalline structure. They enable, too, the assessment of high-purity (condensates) water purification efficiency with the aim to select the optimum treatment technology.
Keywords: turbine condensate, condensate impurities, phase and chemical composition testing methods
Jakub BERNATT, Tadeusz GLINKA, Mariusz CZECHOWICZ
50 years of periodical „Maszyny Elektryczne – Zeszyty Problemowe”
Described is the 50-years history of publishing the scientific-technical periodical “Maszyny Elektryczne – Zeszyty Problemowe”. It is dedicated to engineers and technicians specializing in the whole spectrum of problems related to drives and electrical machines. The subject of more than 2300 articles covers issues associated with theory, magnetic circuits and windings calculations, designing, construction, operation and diagnosis of electrical machines and drives.
Keywords: scientific-technical periodical, electrical drives, electrical machines