Antoni SALIJ
Influence of a synchronous turbogenerator excitation field loss on the work of a power unit – a case study
Charactized are basic appliances connected with a turbogenerator failure. In the analysis of a turbogenerator fault there were used the data gathered in the supervision system, electrical faults recorder and alarm lists. Described is the chronology of events on the basis of the registered data. Determined are the main data flows of important parameters and made is an assessment of the fault effects.
Keywords: turbogenerator, excitation field, power unit
Andrzej KORCZEWSKI, Edward ZIAJA
70th anniversary of IASE
Presented is the history of the Institute of Power System Automation in Wrocław which is now celebrating its 70th anniversary of establishment. The founder of the Institute that initially functioned in the structures of the Faculty of Electrical Engineering of the Wrocław University of Science and Technology was Mr Jan Kożuchowski (1911-1994), one of the most outstanding Polish electrical engineers. During its entire existence the IASE activity connected with the power industry has been very vell known and valued in this environment.
Keywords: IASE history, anniversary, power industry, automation
Antonina KIELECZAWA, Michał BIAŁECKI, Jerzy DRUTKO, Radosław IZAKIEWICZ, Klaudia KRAWIEC-ZIĄTEK, Wojciech NOIŃSKI, Piotr PIETRAS, Roman SKAKOWSKI,
Wojciech SZUBERT
DCS MASTER – 30 years of development and implementation experience
The Institute of Power System Automation, separated from the Wrocław University of Science and Technology, has been present on the power market since 1949 and for these 70 years of existence has developed many innovative technical concepts, patents and products implemented in our country and abroad. One of them is the automation system of the current name DCS MASTER being at present the most important Institute’s market product. The undoubted advantages of the system, fully developed in the Institute and perfected for over 30 years, are its transparent structure, modular construction and free scalability to a user’s needs, simplicity of integration with various systems developed by other producers, realisation of unusual requirements of users as well as redundancy and equivalence of resources. Permanently extended are its functional capabilities, modernized are graphical interfaces, editing and engineering tools. During installation of the system there are built comfortable central or local control rooms designed in accordance with the user’s requirements. Intensified are also activities concerning the DCS MASTER system wider entering foreign markets. The DCS MASTER system has been implemented in our country in many power objects in various options from single process and operator stations to complex turnkey installations.
Keywords: automation systems, DCS, LFC, editing software, application software, operator stations, process stations
Tadeusz MĄCZKA, Bartłomiej BORKOWSKI
Attempt to identify flow parameters during the transport of a two-phase gas-liquid medium in a model of a technological installation
Presented and described is the construction of an experimental research installation on a laboratory scale imitating the industrial installation for hydraulic transport of multi-phase gas-liquid-solids (fine parts) media. All elements of this installation were made as adapted to difficult working conditions and protected against the negative effects of the abrasive medium transportation. Made are initial attempts to identify the installation basic flow parameters for single- and two-phase media. Compared are the obtained operating characteristics of the installation for both types of media. Shown are further possibilities and plans to extend the stand with additional components.
Keywords: installation model, pneumatic mixing, multi-phase medium, two-phase gas-liquid medium
Grzegorz BONIKOWSKI
SIL in practical terms
Described are practical guidelines concerning the design of PEE equipment with the aim to ensure functional safety. They are based on the experience gathered during implementation of SIL certificate in IASE Sp. z o.o. Discussed are the main issues of physical and software layers separation. Given are design requirements for these layers. Determined are general methods for validation of the designed PEE equipment.
Keywords: functional safety, integrity level, SIL, MASTER 3SE, equipment layer, software layer, software lifecycle, Yourdon graph
Włodzimierz FENNIG, Paweł KURCZALSKI, Mariusz LIPIŃSKI, Adrian SADOWY, Roman SKAKOWSKI, Dariusz WOJTANOWICZ, Cezary BISKUPSKI
Diagnostic system of a power unit as a tool for monitoring emergency conditions and detecting disturbances in the work of a power unit on the example of the application used in PGE GiEK S.A. Oddział Elektrownia Bełchatów
Described is the Power Unit Diagnostic System of the authorship of IASE Sp. z o.o. professional staff memebers in cooperation with employees of PGE GiEK S.A. Oddział Elektrownia Bełchatów and being the tool for emergency conditions monitoring and detecting disturbances in a power unit proper operation. The system components are the quality control of automatic regulation and diagnostcs of a power unit operation in the form of detecting the overpassing of substantial technological parameters, characteristics of executional devices and injectors’ leak tightness. It can cooperate with DCS systems as well as with systems enabling an access to their archives. The developed report server can generate informations concerning the unit operation of the defined by the User configuration that allows the assessment of the unit condition in a freely defined time period. The obtained informations give possibility to early detect any threats for a stable unit operation and introduce preventive measures with appropriate advance. This allows to get more efficient, optimum and reliable power plant operation and reduction of operating costs. The Diagnostic System has been successfully implemented in two 380 MW power units in PGE GiEK S.A. Oddział Elektrownia Bełchatów.
Keywords: power industry, diagnostics, automatic control systems, quality management
Jerzy TRZESZCZYŃSKI, Jerzy DOBOSIEWICZ, Radosław STANEK
Safe and available power unit class 200 MW
Long time operation of power units class 200 MW is the time that enabled acquiring of full knowledge about their design, electricity and heat generation technology and maintenance. It was due to many years of work of power plant specialists, equipment suppliers, repair and diagnostic companies, institutes and design offices. Generally successful modernizations and adequate quality of diagnostics and renovations meant that their safety and acceptable availability are not compromised. A significant part of them will meet requirements of BAT Conclusions. Those of them that are in good technical condition and improve their flexibility will be successful on the Capacity Market. They can still be operated, depending on the quality of the current technical maintenance – for a dozen or so years, maybe as long as a good alternative is found for them.
Keywords: power units class 200 MW, safety, long time operation of power units
Grzegorz PAKUŁA
Preventive diagnostics of pump sets
Standard methods of pump set diagnostics based on measurements of temperature and vibration levels allow for detection of failures at early stage. Monitoring and analysis of hydraulic parameters allow for identification of risk of failure before it occurs. Monitoring of pump efficiency is recommended, especially for high power pumps. In order to avoid cavitation monitoring of suction parameters is recommended, in particular monitoring od net positive suction head. Participation of pump manufacturers in designing pump set diagnostics and monitoring systems is advisable.
Keywords: pump sets, measurements of vibration level and temperature, diagnostics systems, monitoring of pump set efficiency.
Wojciech MERDALSKI, Wojciech MURZYNOWSKI, Jerzy TRZESZCZYŃSKI, Sławomir BIAŁEK
IT test environment for digital modeling of processes accompanying the operation of power units
Creating an IT Test Environment has become a necessity for Pro Novum while working on several projects, including integrating process data from many power units and devices. Security on the IT test environment has the highest priority, all customer and partner requirements are ensured as well as internal security procedures infrastructure in Pro Novum. The IT test environment enables users to analyze processes accompanying the virtual object both in off-line and on-line mode. The IT test environment ensures safe and comfortable working conditions in a remote mode for many contractors, creating conditions for efficient management of their implementation and reduction of costs. If the project is more complex and innovative, the benefits of using the IT test environment are greater.
Keywords: operation of power units, digital process modeling, IT test environment, Pro Novum
Ewa ZBROIŃSKA-SZCZECHURA, Kamil STASZAŁEK, Krzysztof BRUNNÉ, Adrian SOBCZYSZYN
Characteristic damages of heating surfaces tubes for current boiler operating conditions
The article presents examples of typical damages that may occur on heating surfaces of boiler tubes in current conditions of operation. Environmental requirements and new operating conditions (cycle load instead of base load) are different than assumpted by the boiler designer and have negative impact on heating surfaces tubes of long time operated boilers. Failure-free operating of heating surfaces also depends on modernisation technology and proper technical condition of tubes which can be maintained by properly performed diagnostics based on remoted integrated analysis of history and conditions of operation and failures. In this article characteristic examples of damages to heating surfaces tubes and online solutions are discussed.
Keywords: boiler operation, cyclic load, heating surfaces, tubes failures, tubes damages