Andrzej Jastrząb
Enea Elektrownia Połaniec S.A. activity in the field of energy efficiency
Enea Elektrownia Połaniec S.A. is taking steps towards improvement of energy efficiency according with the "Energy efficiency policy of Enea Capital Group". Połaniec power plant is at the forefront of many activities connected with environmental protection and energy efficiency. There are constantly introduced many solutions which reduce fuels consumption and enable low-emission production. Mentioned are the most important activities from amongst the ones already undertaken like replacement of the lighting system, replacement of unit transformers, modernization of steam pipelines and thermal upgrading of the office building. Presently, the modernization of cooling water pumps is underway as a result of the performed energy efficiency audit.
Keywords: Enea Capital Group energy efficiency policy, Połaniec Power Plant, activities connected with environmental protection and energy efficiency
Arkadiusz Bobrowski
Flood protection of various objects on the example of Enea Elektrownia Połaniec S.A.
Following the floods of 1997 and 2001 that directly endangered Połaniec power plant there was designed and constructed around the facility a special flood protection wall of a total length of 4,54 km and an average height of about 1,00 m. Following the next flooding in the year 2010 when the water level of the Vistula river was about 8 m higher than the average one, the protection wall was overbuilt by another ca. 60 cm and the ground under the wall was additionally protected with the help of larssens driven to the depth of 4-8 m. In places where it collided with communication paths, 21 gaps of 1-66 m width were made in the protection wall. To minimize the risk connected with high water occurrence, a vertical version of the Mobile Flood Protection System was applied. It supplements the permanent anti-flood barrier system that surrounds the Power Plant and the principles of its use and operation are described in this article.
Keywords: Enea Elektrownia Połaniec S.A., flood protection of objects, Mobile Flood Protection System
Jan Popczyk
From emergency measures in 2020 to electroprosumerism in 2050.
Transfomation of energy industry in the breakthrough mode
The subject matter of this article refers to energy industry transformation – from crisis measures in 2020 to the electroprosumerism in 2050. This transformation is particularly justified at the present stage when its reasons have been extremely strengthened by the pandemic crisis. A lot of attention has been paid to unification of inconsistent uniformity of the large-scale corporate energy industry description and the consistent variety of electroprosumerism. It is stated that for implementation of a large part of solutions/concepts it is quite enough to build one’s own, individual competences, create own microinnovations and build the social capital. But the mainstream of the breakthrough transformation must be created by a collective pretender by means of exerting pressure on the State which is constitutionally obliged to balance citizens’ liberties and the principle of subsidiarity.
Keywords: energy industry, transformation, breakthrough mode, electroprosumerism
Krzysztof Bodzek
Virtual electric system
The article aims at the first simulative verification of electroprosumerism assumptions. Considered is transition from the present model of the energy industry, through balancing of a separated network area (cluster) to the virtual electric system with the network and network fee shared among energy producers and customers (electrical roaming). The article, through its concepts and vocabulary, refers directly to Professor Jan Popczyk article: “From emergency measures in 2020 to electroprosumerism in 2050. Energy industry transformation in the breakthrough mode” (Energetyka 2020, nr 5, s. 217).
Keywords: electroprosumerism, simulative verification, virtual electric system
Jerzy Gryko
Method of calculating the efficiency of local ecological hybrid RES installations
The publication presents a description of an efficiency calculation method of local hybrid RES installations. Two types of energy sources were considered here – wind farms (EW) and photovoltaic panels (PV). Considered was also the operation of installation in an option without energy storage and with the storage balanced every 24 hours. For energy storage there were used various systems of batteries – acid, lithium-ion and fuel cell systems powered by hydrogen from water electrolysis. The method is illustrated by a calculation example. There were made simulation calculations including possible changes in energy distribution companies’ tariff prices as well as changes in prices of energy sources and accumulation systems. As an indicator of efficiency, there was selected the relative energy settlement unit price in a hybrid installation (unit price related to the purchase price of energy from a network). Results of the example calculations allowed to indicate factors affecting the profitability of developing local ecological hybrid RES installations.
Keywords: efficiency of RES hybrid installations, influence of selection of EW and PV sources rated power on the cost of energy, energy storages in hybrid installations