Ewa GĄSIOROWSKA, Jacek PIEKACZ, Tomasz SURMA
Climate-and-energy package as the European economy balanced
development strategy
Energetyka 2008, nr 8/9, s. 551
Discussed is presented by the UE in January 2008 climate-and-energy package and described is the postulated strategy of CO2 geological storage.
Keywords: the UE energy strategy, CO2 reduction, renewable energy
Herbert Leopold GABRYŚ
Polish power industry in 2008. Are the results achieved in the first months of this year as good as they are presented by the media?
Energetyka 2008, nr 8/9, s. 562
Results of Polish power industry economy subjects in the first months of 2008 seem to be better than the ones achieved in the same period of the last year. In the coal-mining industry the tenedency to reduce power coal production and distinctly increase the import with at the same time reducing its export is maintained.
Keywords: electric energy production and sale structure, power coal
Wacław ZAJĄC
MV electropower installations in SF6 gas insulation produced by ZPUE S.A.
Energetyka 2008, nr 8/9, s. 572
ZPUE S.A. is a Polish producer of transformer and pole-mounted substations equipped with modern switchgears and transformers. The installations can be remote controlled or adapted for radio-control and they can cooperate with automatic and protection equipment, carry out measurements and metering for invoicing.
Keywords: SF6 gas, switchgears and installations in gas insulation, RMU, MV installations, gas tightness.
New generation of MV ring switchgears type TPM in SF6 gas insulation
Energetyka 2008, nr 8/9, s. 575
Described is application of TPM switchgears, given is their detailed description, discussed is their innovative construction and technical parameters. Keywords: MV switchgears, SF6 insulation
Bogusław ZĘBIK
Everything's clear, i.e. how to effectively and economically illuminate streets
Energetyka 2008, nr 8/9, s. 580
Presented is a modern system of street lighting control. It enables to limit the lighting in less exposed places during non-rush hours (byways, lanes, boulevards, parks) with full illumination of high priority places. Saving of energy when using the SLCS system in comparison with the commonly used control systems comes up to 80%.
Keywords: street lighting, control, environment protection
Successful fifteenth anniversary of Elektrownia Opole Elektrownia Opole activities in the field of combustion products emission limitation, water protection and waste utilization Experience of Elektrownia Opole in energetic willow growing
Energetyka 2008, nr 8/9, s. 584
Keywords: Elektrownia Opole, water protection, waste utilization, combustion products emission, energetic willow growing
Krzysztof KOZA, Aleksy ŁODO, Andrzej WARACHIM
Trends in concrete constructions development for the needs of electric energy distribution
Energetyka 2008, nr 8/9, s. 593
Discussed is the production profile of a company producing concrete supports for distribution networks. Presented are features of new type concrete whirled poles and also a production of fully equipped pole-mounted transformer substations and pole stands placed in any configuration towards MV overhead or cable supply lines with 630 kVA outdoor transformers.
Keywords: concrete support constructions, distribution networks
Stefan SIERADZKI, Jan ADAMEK, Joachim OTTE, Jarosław DZIUBA, Eugeniusz PRYSOK
New construction of fans for high power generators
Energetyka 2008, nr 8/9, s. 597
Presented is a new construction of axial-flow fans (with bigger output in comparison with the original ones) serving for pumping of cooling agent in high power generators using the example of 230 MW TWW-230 type generator. Described is the process of designing and carrying out model scale flow research as well as new fan types production implementation.
Keywords: high power generators, axial-flow fans, designing
Marceli KAŹMIERSKI, Waldemar OLECH, Daniel PAWŁOWSKI
Present problems concerning transformer operation management
Energetyka 2008, nr 8/9, s. 606
Presented are selected problems concerning high power transformers operation in the Polish power industry, taking especially into consideration their technical condition. Discussed are strategies in technical diagnosing and interpretation of information and research results. Presented is optimum diagnostic program based on oil testing results and off-line and on-line methods. Keywords: transformer operation, technical diagnostics, oil testing
Halina OLEJNICZAK, Teresa BUCHACZ, Bożena BEDNARSKA
Formation of gases process in mineral oil filled transformers not caused by internal damages occurence
Energetyka 2008, nr 8/9, s. 614
Presented are causes and mechanisms of gas forming in oils used in present days during initial operation of transformers and having no connection with internal damages. Discussed are phenomena connected with formation of the so-called parasitic gases and also being the effect of catalytic reactions with metals and construction materials used for transformers production. Indicated are problems occurring in such cases based on appropriate interpretation of chromatographic research results.
Keywords: transformers operating, chromatographic research, gas forming in oils
Erwin MACIAK, Marian URBAŃCZYK, Zbigniew OPILSKI, Waldemar OLECH,
Teresa BUCHACZ
Application of optical mehod for transformer diagnosis based on measuring the concentration of hydrogen dissolved in oil insulation
Energetyka 2008, nr 8/9, s. 619
Content of gases dissolved in transformer oil is the evidence of the expanding process of insulation degradation which is caused by an internal damage. For the evaluation of a transformer technical condition essential is the increment of hydrogen concentration which is a broadband indicator of early internal damages. In the presented elaboration sensor structures (Pd\metal oxide) as interferential structures placed on the end of polymode 62,5 µm\125 µm light pipe were used for detection of low concentration hydrogen in transformer oil. In the research, oxide layers made - among the others - of MoO3 and WO3 were used.
Keywords: transformer diagnosis, oil insulation, hydrogen concentration measuring methods
Waldemar OLECH, Halina OLEJNICZAK, Teresa BUCHACZ
Problems connected with the occurence of corrosive sulphur in transformer oils
Energetyka 2008, nr 8/9, s. 624
Presented are causes of corrosive sulphur compounds occurence in present-day produced electroinsulation oils as well as the mechanism and factors conducing to the risk of transformer damages caused by deposits of copper sulfide. Discussed are methods of corrosion research, project of a new IEC standard, exemplary results of tests carried on fresh and used oils, advantages and disadvantages of methods to counteract hazards.
Keywords: transformer oils, corrosion research, sulphur compounds