Tomasz MOTOWIDLAK
Consolidation of power companies in the European electric energy market
Energetyka 2008, nr 11, s. 737
Discussed are processes concerning vertical consolidation of the UE power companies during the last few years. The aim of the processes is to increase competitiveness of big companies in the liberalized electric energy market. Examples of West European power companies show that vertical integration has advantageous influence on their financial standing. We know that financial institutions are more likely to give, on preferential conditions, credits to companies controlling the whole process of power generation and distribution, unindependently on the level of their indebtedness. But we must remember that vertical integration should not enable bringing to life monopolies or duopolies.
Keywords: vertical consolidation, electropower companies, competition rules, liberalized electric energy market
Andrzej ZIĘBIK, Marcin LISZKA
Power technologies for the Silesian Voivodeship – results of a regional foresight
Energetyka 2008, nr 11, s. 747
Presented is a fragment of the „Technologies for power industry" discussion panel organized as a part of „Priority technologies for the Silesian Voivodeship sustainable development" project. The project was realized in the year 2007 in the form of foresight type investigations. In the course of this activity, external key factors and key technologies for the needs of the Silesian energy sector were identyfied.Forthispurpose STEEP and SWOT analyses as well as a complex survey of the present state of knowledge referring to the investigated power technologies were carried out. As the result, two possible scenarios of the Silesian power sector development were created – pro-innovative
and a moderate one as well as the corresponding road maps concerning development of power technologies.
Keywords: power sector technologies, the Silesian Voivodeship, power sector development scenarios
N.N. DZEKTSER, E.V. EROFJEJEVA, Bogdan MIEDZIŃSKI
Hazards to Russian power security. Methods and possibilities to improve the present situation
Energetyka 2008, nr 11, s. 757
Characterized are basic causes of hazards to a country power security on the example of Russia. Defined are results of these hazards and proposed are systemic as well as local and real solutions enabling substantial improvement of the situation.
Keywords: Russia, power security, efficient energy utilization
Jarosław KRZYWAŃSKI, Waldemar MUSKAŁA, Wojciech NOWAK
Application of neural networks for determining of the effictiveheat transfer coefficient in a circulating fluidized bed
Energetyka 2008, nr 11, s. 761
Presented is a method to determine the effective heat transfer coefficient with the use of neural network.
Formulate disamathematical model describing heat exchange process in conditions of fluidized circulating bed.The model correctnessis certified by comparison with data obtained from measurements carried out on a 670 MW capacity boiler operated under various conditions.
Determined is, on the basis of calculation results, the influenceofoperational parameters on the effective heat transfer coeffcient value. Because of complicated character of the phenomena described – and that is why computation requirements concerning input parameters are so high – a model based on neural network technology is formulated enabling easy determining of the effective heat transfer coefficientvalue.
Keywords: neural networks, heat transfer coefficient
Andrzej MAGDZIARZ, Łukasz NOGAL
Simulation digital model of a power transformer
Energetyka 2008, nr 11, s. 765
Since the times when first power transformers came into being they became the subject of examinations. Such examinations often involve big expenses and can be attended by destroying an expensive object and/or testing equipment. Instead of this, various research techniques can be applied in order to get us acquainted with properties of a physical object. Using available programmatic simulation tools it is possible to create, on the basis of mathematical description, digital simulation model of a power transformer. Comparison of simulation results with the ones registered by an oscilloscope during examination of a physical object show very high level of similarity. It is also possible to carry out examinations which cannot be performed on a real object.
Keywords: power transformer simulation model, examinations on digital model
Zbigniew WRÓBLEWSKI, Piotr SIWAK
Analysis of 25 kVA-100 MVA capacity power transformers operational life
Energetyka 2008, nr 11, s. 770
Presented are results of power transformers' operational life statistical testing. The transformers involved were operated since 1950s till 2003, mostly on municipal grounds, by one of domestic power companies. It is a very valuable empirical material serving for verification of transformer theoretical reliability models, forecasting transformer operational life and planning preventive inspections.
Keywords: power transformers, transformers' operational life statistical
testing, reliability models
Agnieszka CELIŃSKA
Laboratory stations for investigation of pyrolysis and biomass gasification
Energetyka 2008, nr 11, s. 775
Described are the most important laboratory methods, technologies and equipment applied for processes of gasificationandpyrolysiswhich are more and more frequently used for processing of biomass as a raw material. Biomass gasification technology is an interesting option to conventional treatment of agricultural and industrial solid wastes like tyres and paper or forest and food industry wastes.
Keywords: gasification and pyrolysis processes, biomass, gasificationof agricultural and industrial wastes
Piotr KWIATKIEWICZ
Soaring in the gas cloud-land
Energetyka 2008, nr 11, s. 780
Diversification of petroleum-base draw materials supplies to Poland, if we take into account economic reasons, is only a day-dream.
No matter what emotions does Russia arouse - it is the only country-producer of oil and gas where, considering the financial account,wecan buy these raw materials.
Keywords: diversification of petroleum-base draw materials suppliesto Poland, financial account, Russia
Arkadiusz KĘPA
Improvement of a cyclone separation efficiency as a result of counter-cone application in front of the outlet to a dust bunker
Energetyka 2008, nr 11, s. 785
Application of a counter-cone in a cyclone can easily improve separation efficiency of this appliance. The counter-conelimits a gasswirl speed in the bunker and thus the previously separated material entrainment. Numerical methods enable optimization of cyclone construction.
Keywords: reverse cyclone, separation efficiency, counter-cone, flow calculation computer methods