Jadwiga KAPITANIAK
Influence of combustion gas constituents distribution in the boundary layer on corrosion intensity of low-emission burner pulverized-coal boilers
Presented is high-temperature corrosion hazard to waterwalls working in low-emission burning medium. Discussed is the measurement method of combustion gas constituents distribution and concentration in pulverized-coal boiler combustion chamber. Given are some O2 and CO distribution and concentration measurement results as well as distribution maps near boiler waterwalls. Analysed is possibility to counteract the corrosion on the basis of localizing endangered areas in combustion chamber walls. Admitted is that in preventive activities concerning waterwall tubes corrosion, only O2 and CO level measurement as well as a good command of the operation conditions are sufficient.
Bartłomiej HERNIK, Marek PRONOBIS, Wacław WOJNAR
Profitability evaluation of ribbed pipe convection superheater application
Superheater surface depends on a needed superheating range hence its ribbing causes shortening of tubes length. Replacing a conventional single-stage superheater with a ribbed system lets you - in case of OP140 boiler - save part of the investment costs as well as lower exploitation costs of feed water pumps. That is why one should take into account the possibility of applying a bank of ribbed tubes as a re-equipment to a conventional superheater during the planned replacement. The proposed finned tubes system has also an adequate strength characteristic.
Marek PETRI, Eugeniusz GLATMAN
Gaseous corrosion hazard to concrete constructions of high voltage power transmission lines in Opole region
Presented are evaluation results of different fuels combustion products, chemical reactions volatile substrates and sedimentary rocks thermal decomposition products influence on technical state of power lines supporting constructions located on the site of Energia Pro Zakład Energetyczny Opole SA, High Voltage Network Area. The evaluation was carried out in the Building Materials Technology Department of AGH in Cracov.
Marek JACZEWSKI
Man and energy
Described is shortly the history of using energy by people. Given is location of energy resources in the world. The primary energy resources are divided into non-renewable and renewable, general and documented resources. Acquiring of power raw materials and energy production was acknowledged to be the main reason to pollute the environment. Ascertained is the distinct addiction of a man to an access to energy, especially the electric energy - it has simply become indispensable to normal life like water and air.
POWER INDUSTRY ACADEMY
Stanisław CADER, Bogumił DUDEK, Roman FOBER, Tadeusz GONTARZ, Witold WIŚNIEWSKI
7th session - Live line works carried out on electrical power engineering
units and installations - Fifth lecture - Live line works tools and equipment. Part 2
Mentioned and characterized are tools and equipment needed for works carried out on M.T. overhead lines as well as for M.T. units and distributing installations. Given are requirements concerning equipment and tools needed for over 1 kV live line works. Mentioned are groups of equipment specific for using on the over 1 kV installations (operating poles, insulating ladders, overhead line cars and insulating ropes). Characterized is equipment for over 110 kV lines and stations. Given are requirements for live line works equipment according to Polish standards, practical instructions concerning its inspection and examples of its application.
BULLETIN of ZPBE ENERGOPOMIAR
Joanna WISZ
Optimization and validation of coals and combustion by-products microelement determination method
Discussed are tests carried out to determine suitability of various solid samples preparation ways for ICP-OES macroelement analysis method. The optimum analysis method is chosen by measuring concentration of 17 elements. Applied analytic procedures correctness and received results accuracy are evaluated by the means of using certified reference materials. On the basis of uncertainty budget and data received, validation of the method is carried out as well as the measurement total complex uncertainty is assessed.
Katarzyna WOJNAR, Joanna WISZ
Mercury in Polish power engineering
Mentioned is the problem of necessity to eliminate excessive mercury pollution in the light of European Union directives. Presented are mercury determination methods used in Energopomiar as well as power coal and combustion by-products tests checking mercury contents in them. In the discussion concerning the investigations and calculations results received, mercury atmosphere pollution determination and mercury balance in the given power plant are also taken into account. Given are conclusions and recommendations.
Adam TALAGA
Modernization project of six water power-plants in Macedonian Republic
Presented is a big modernization project accomplishment where one of the participants was "Energotest-Energopomiar" Sp. z o.o. in the years 2002-2005. Discussed is the range of accomplished project and construction work as well as equipment supplies. The attention is paid also to technical solutions applied and to specific work realization conditions.
Franciszek SPYRA
Selected problems concerning constructing of cable power lines - reduction of losses in return conductors
Presented is the effect of the way the cables are laid on cable lines load. Discussed are various solutions having in view reduction of losses in return conductors like: earthing of the return from one side of the cable line only, twisting return conductors of each cable line phase and cable interlacing in a cable line.
Tadeusz FRĄTCZAK
Integrated quality, environment and industrial safety management system in Bełchatów Power Plant