Ryszard Dindorf
Estimation of possible energy savings in compressed air systems
Energetyka 2010, nr 1, p. 7
Compressed air systems require a complex approach towards rational energy consumption by effective production, distribution and utilization of the compressed air. Basing upon guidelines included in the European Motor Challenge Programme (MCP) – Compressed Air Systems Module (CAS), presented are potential energy saving opportunities in production and treatment of compressed air, compressed air networks, end use devices (actuators), overall system design as well as operation and control of pneumatic systems. While designing energy saving compressed air systems, various methods are applied to reduce energy losses and minimize energy consumption.
Keywords: compressed air systems, rationalization of energy consumption
Jacek MALKO
People's willingness to pay, not only for electricity
Energetyka 2010, nr 1, p. 15
With reference to an article published in The Energy Journal Nr 2/2009, considered are cases concerning „willingness to pay" and including: increasing safety of electric energy supplies for a specific segment of consumers (on the example of Sweden), utilization of energy from renewable sources (Italy), improvement of the supplied energy quality standards (Australia) and increasing energy effectivess and unimpeded access to energy (Germany).
Keywords: willingness to pay, safety of supplies and electric energy quality, energy from renewable sources
Jan Pabiańczyk
Compact fluorescent lamps – and what then?
Energetyka 2010, nr 1, p. 19
After the EU decision to stop production of traditional bulb lamps, consumers started in masses to buy up light bulb reserves in shops. Many consumers do not accept the colour of light emitted by fluorescent lamps. On the other hand, fluorescent lamps draw from the network a non-sinusoidal current, that negatively influences a power system and generators in electric power plants.
Keywords: fluorescent lamp lighting
Andrzej Ziębik
Process and system energy-ecological indices of an integrated power block – methodology of calculations
Energetyka 2010, nr 1, p. 25
Presented is a methodology of calculation of process and system energy indices, concerning direct and cumulative energy consumption in a pulverised coal power unit integrated with a CO2 capture and compression installation and an oxygen plant. The proposed approach to calculation of cumulative energy consumption indices is based on an assumption that the connections between considered power unit and national energy system are weak. It means that in the balance of a cumulative energy consumption, average national indices of cumulative energy consumption concerning fuels and materials delivered to the power unit from outside can be used. Analogical approach is proposed in the case of cumulative emissions and indices of thermoecological costs system analysis.
Keywords: energy-ecological indices, integrated power block, CO2 capture and compression
Marcin Liszka, Krzysztof Hoinka, Michał Budnik
Supercritical coal-fired blocks – results of energy and economic simulations
Energetyka 2010, nr 1, p. 28
Presented is the continuation to problems discussed in the article of Mr A.Ziębik „Process and system energy-ecological indices of an integrated power block – methodology of calculations". The methodology of supercritical coal-fired power blocks operation analysis is supplemented with economic analysis and results of calculations regarding to three types of supercritical coal-fired generation units: pulverized coal block without CO2 capture installation, block with chemical absorption of CO2 from flue gases and an oxygen combustion block.
Keywords: supercritical coal-fired blocks, economic analysis, CO2 capture
Sonia JAREMA-SUCHOROWSKA, Barbara KUCZAK
Properties of ashes from fluidized-bed boilers in power industry in the aspect of economical utilization of this waste
Energetyka 2010, nr 1, p. 39
Presented are properties of fly and bottom ashes produced in fluidizedbed boilers working in the Polish power industry in the 1990s and at present. Comparison is made with properties of ashes from conventional boilers. Estimated is quantity of the produced now fluidized-bed ashes. Discussed are methods of ash utilization applied in our country and in the world.
Keywords: fluidized-bed boilers, fly and bottom ashes, ash utilization
Tomasz ZACZKIEWICZ
Diagnozing of pipelines and boiler chambers mountings in power industry
Energetyka 2010, nr 1, p. 44
Presented is technical characteristic and types of construction solutions of hangings and supports used in CHP plants. Discussed is the applied range of diagnostic inspection, measurement methods and the ways of mounting of tensometric dynamometers and auxiliary instrumentation. Attention is paid to some problems arising during measurement taking. Presented is also a new diagnostic system enabling measurement and regulation of load in twelve hangings simultaneously.
Keywords: CHP plants, pipelines and boiler chambers, hangings and supports
Danuta Król, Jan Łach, Sławomir Poskrobko
About some problems connected with utilization of a non-forest biomass in power industry
Energetyka 2010, nr 1, p. 53
Presented is a basic characteristics of various kinds of a plant biomass, including the agriculture one, which is practically its element constitution determining fuel properties. Special attention is paid to hazards connected either with autonomous combustion of such materials, or with substantial increasing of their participation in cocombustion with fossil fuels or a wood biomass which reduce boilers availability. The most important of them are: slagging of a boiler heating surface and high-temperature corrosion of their construction elements. Analysed in details are gram fractions of such elements like chlorine and sulphur, and also the number relation between them, substantially influencing the technology of processing and effective utilization of each individual kind of biomass. The discussed problems are also closely connected with emission of harmful substances present in a flue gas stream.
Keywords: boiler availability, non-forest biomass combustion